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- library_name: transformers
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- tags: []
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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- # Model Card for Model ID
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- <!-- Provide a quick summary of what the model is/does. -->
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- ## Model Details
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- ### Model Description
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- <!-- Provide a longer summary of what this model is. -->
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- This is the model card of a 🤗 transformers model that has been pushed on the Hub. This model card has been automatically generated.
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- - **Developed by:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Funded by [optional]:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Shared by [optional]:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Model type:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Language(s) (NLP):** [More Information Needed]
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- - **License:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Finetuned from model [optional]:** [More Information Needed]
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- ### Model Sources [optional]
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- <!-- Provide the basic links for the model. -->
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- - **Repository:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Paper [optional]:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Demo [optional]:** [More Information Needed]
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- ## Uses
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- <!-- Address questions around how the model is intended to be used, including the foreseeable users of the model and those affected by the model. -->
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- ### Direct Use
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- <!-- This section is for the model use without fine-tuning or plugging into a larger ecosystem/app. -->
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- [More Information Needed]
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- ### Downstream Use [optional]
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- <!-- This section is for the model use when fine-tuned for a task, or when plugged into a larger ecosystem/app -->
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- [More Information Needed]
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- ### Out-of-Scope Use
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- <!-- This section addresses misuse, malicious use, and uses that the model will not work well for. -->
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- [More Information Needed]
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- ## Bias, Risks, and Limitations
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- <!-- This section is meant to convey both technical and sociotechnical limitations. -->
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- ### Recommendations
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- <!-- This section is meant to convey recommendations with respect to the bias, risk, and technical limitations. -->
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- Users (both direct and downstream) should be made aware of the risks, biases and limitations of the model. More information needed for further recommendations.
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- ## How to Get Started with the Model
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- Use the code below to get started with the model.
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- [More Information Needed]
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- ## Training Details
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- ### Training Data
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- <!-- This should link to a Dataset Card, perhaps with a short stub of information on what the training data is all about as well as documentation related to data pre-processing or additional filtering. -->
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- ### Training Procedure
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- <!-- This relates heavily to the Technical Specifications. Content here should link to that section when it is relevant to the training procedure. -->
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- #### Preprocessing [optional]
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- [More Information Needed]
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- #### Training Hyperparameters
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- - **Training regime:** [More Information Needed] <!--fp32, fp16 mixed precision, bf16 mixed precision, bf16 non-mixed precision, fp16 non-mixed precision, fp8 mixed precision -->
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- #### Speeds, Sizes, Times [optional]
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- <!-- This section provides information about throughput, start/end time, checkpoint size if relevant, etc. -->
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- ## Evaluation
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- <!-- This section describes the evaluation protocols and provides the results. -->
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- ### Testing Data, Factors & Metrics
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- #### Testing Data
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- #### Factors
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- <!-- These are the things the evaluation is disaggregating by, e.g., subpopulations or domains. -->
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- #### Metrics
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- <!-- These are the evaluation metrics being used, ideally with a description of why. -->
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  ### Results
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- #### Summary
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- ## Model Examination [optional]
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- <!-- Relevant interpretability work for the model goes here -->
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- ## Environmental Impact
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- <!-- Total emissions (in grams of CO2eq) and additional considerations, such as electricity usage, go here. Edit the suggested text below accordingly -->
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- Carbon emissions can be estimated using the [Machine Learning Impact calculator](https://mlco2.github.io/impact#compute) presented in [Lacoste et al. (2019)](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.09700).
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- - **Hardware Type:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Hours used:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Cloud Provider:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Compute Region:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Carbon Emitted:** [More Information Needed]
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- ## Technical Specifications [optional]
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- ### Model Architecture and Objective
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- ### Compute Infrastructure
 
 
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- #### Hardware
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- ## Citation [optional]
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- <!-- If there is a paper or blog post introducing the model, the APA and Bibtex information for that should go in this section. -->
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- **BibTeX:**
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- **APA:**
 
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- ## Glossary [optional]
 
 
 
 
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- <!-- If relevant, include terms and calculations in this section that can help readers understand the model or model card. -->
 
 
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- ## More Information [optional]
 
 
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- ## Model Card Authors [optional]
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- ## Model Card Contact
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- [More Information Needed]
 
 
 
 
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+ language: en
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+ license: apache-2.0
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+ datasets:
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+ - derek-thomas/ScienceQA
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+ - allenai/ai2_arc
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+ tags:
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+ - education
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+ - stem
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+ - computer science
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+ - data science
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+ - engineering
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+ - biology
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+ - chemistry
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  ---
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+ # STEMerald-2b
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+ **Model name:** STEMerald-2b
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+ **Model description:**
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+ STEMerald-2b is a fine-tuned version of the Gemma-2b model, designed specifically for answering university-level STEM multiple-choice questions. This model leverages advanced fine-tuning techniques, including Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) and Direct Preference Optimization (DPO), to enhance its accuracy and reliability in providing educational support.
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+ <p align="center">
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+ <img src="STEMerald_pic.jpeg" alt="STEMerald picture" width="400"/>
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+ </p>
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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+ ## Model Details
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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+ **Base Model:** [Gemma-2b](https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.08295)
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+ **Architecture:** Decoder-only Language Model (Causal)
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+ **Parameters:** 2.51 billion
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+ **Quantized Version:** STEMerald-2b-4bit (with 4-bit NormalFloat)
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+ **Training Framework:** PyTorch with Hugging Face Transformers
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+ ## Datasets
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+ The model was fine-tuned on a variety of datasets tailored for STEM education, including:
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+ - **EPFL Preference Pairs Dataset:** 1522 university-level STEM questions with 26k preference pairs, annotated by students using ChatGPT-3.5 with Chain-of-Thought (CoT).
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+ - **Stack Exchange Dataset:** Questions and answers from various topics such as math, computer science, and engineering.
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+ - **Orca-Math:** 200k grade-school math word problems to enhance reasoning capabilities.
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+ - **EPFL MCQA Dataset**: Dataset of multiple-choice questions with explanation (for CoT) extracted from the winning pairs of EPFL preference pairs.
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+ - **ScienceQA:** Multiple-choice questions on biology, physics, chemistry, economics, earth science, and engineering practices.
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+ - **AI2 Reasoning Challenge (ARC):** Grade-school level multiple-choice science questions.
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+ ## Training Process
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+ The training process for STEMerald-2b involved multiple steps:
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+ 1. **Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT):** Initial training on datasets like Orca-Math to improve reasoning abilities.
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+ 2. **Direct Preference Optimization (DPO):** Training on preference pairs from EPFL and Stack Exchange datasets to align model outputs with preferred answers.
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+ 3. **MCQA Fine-Tuning:** Specialization for multiple-choice question answering using datasets like ScienceQA and ARC.
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+ ## Performance
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+ The performance of STEMerald-2b was evaluated using various metrics:
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+ - **Accuracy:** The model achieved high accuracy across multiple test sets, demonstrating its effectiveness in answering STEM questions.
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+ - **Qualitative Evaluation:** The model's answers were evaluated for logical consistency, truthfulness, clarity, and coherence with the final answer.
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  ### Results
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+ | Model Version | Accuracy (Non-Quantized) | Accuracy (Quantized) |
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+ |-----------------------------------|--------------------------|----------------------|
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+ | it-ORCA-DPO-MCQA _(STEMerald-2b)_ | 0.750 | 0.720 |
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+ | it-DPO-MCQA | 0.744 | 0.720 |
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+ | it-MCQA | 0.736 | 0.700 |
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+ | it-ORCA-MCQA | 0.722 | 0.714 |
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+ | MCQA | 0.702 | 0.654 |
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+ | DPO-MCQA | 0.694 | 0.674 |
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+ | Gemma-it-OneShot | 0.546 | 0.520 |
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+ | Gemma-it | 0.518 | 0.518 |
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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+ Micro-averaged accuracy over three MCQA test sets(EPFL MCQA, ScienceQA and ARC).
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+ ## Use Cases
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+ STEMerald-2b can be utilized as a STEM course assistant, providing support in areas such as:
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+ - Answering university-level multiple-choice STEM questions.
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+ - Offering detailed explanations and reasoning for answers.
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+ - Enhancing student engagement and learning efficiency during independent studies.
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+ ## Ethical Considerations
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+ While STEMerald-2b aims to provide accurate and helpful responses, it is important to consider potential ethical implications:
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+ - **Over-Reliance:** Students might become overly dependent on the model for answers, potentially affecting their independent learning and problem-solving skills.
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+ - **Accuracy:** Although efforts were made to ensure the truthfulness of responses, there is still a possibility of incorrect answers. Teacher supervision is crucial.
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+ ## Limitations
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+ - The model's performance may vary based on the specific context and nature of the questions.
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+ - Quantization reduces memory footprint but may slightly affect accuracy.
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+ ## Conclusion
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+ STEMerald-2b offers a promising solution for enhancing STEM education through advanced language model capabilities. By leveraging fine-tuning techniques and comprehensive datasets, it aims to provide accurate and accessible learning support for students.
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+ ## How to Use
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+ You can use the model directly with the `transformers` library:
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+ ```python
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+ from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer
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+ tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("matsant01/STEMerald-2b")
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+ model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained("matsant01/STEMerald-2b")
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+ input_text = "Question: What is the derivative of x^2? \nOptions: A. 4x B. 2*x^2 C. 2x D. 2\nAnswer:"
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+ inputs = tokenizer(input_text, return_tensors="pt")
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+ outputs = model.generate(**inputs)
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+ print(tokenizer.decode(outputs[0], skip_special_tokens=True))
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+ ```
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+ For the quantized version, use:
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+ ```python
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+ from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer, BitsAndBytesConfig
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+ quantization_config = BitsAndBytesConfig(
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+ load_in_4bit=True,
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+ bnb_4bit_compute_dtype=torch.bfloat16,
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+ bnb_4bit_quant_type="nf4"
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+ )
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+ tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("matsant01/STEMerald-2b-4bit")
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+ model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained("matsant01/STEMerald-2b-4bit", quantization_config=quantization_config)
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+ ```
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+ ## Acknowledgements
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+ We acknowledge the contributions of the EPFL and Stack Exchange communities for their invaluable datasets, and the Hugging Face team for their support and tools that made this project possible.
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+ ## Contact
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+ For any questions or feedback, please contact:
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+ - [Antonio Mari](https://github.com/antoniomari) (antonio.mari@epfl.ch)
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+ - [Matteo Santelmo](https://github.com/matsant01) (matteo.santelmo@epfl.ch)
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+ - [Stefano Viel](https://github.com/stefanoviel) (stefano.viel@epfl.ch)