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	---
	license: mit
	base_model: FacebookAI/xlm-roberta-base
	tags:
	- generated_from_trainer
	metrics:
	- accuracy
	- precision
	- recall
	- f1
	model-index:
	- name: llm-data-textbook-quality-classifer-v1
	results: []
	datasets:
	- kenhktsui/llm-data-quality-tokenized
	language:
	- en
	---

	<!-- This model card has been generated automatically according to the information the Trainer had access to. You
	should probably proofread and complete it, then remove this comment. -->

	# llm-data-textbook-quality-classifer-v1
	This model can classify if a text is of textbook quality data. It can be used as a filter for data curation when training a LLM.
	Please note textbook quality is a subset of high quality.


	## Benchmark

	![image/png](https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/60e50ce5350d181892d5a636/US04uiMXJpFLmoG-q7mvZ.png)

	\|Dataset \| Sampling \| Average Quality Score \|
	\|--------------------------------------\|---\|-------------------\|
	\|[nampdn-ai/tiny-textbooks](https://huggingface.co/datasets/nampdn-ai/tiny-textbooks) \|First 10,000\| 0.8618\|
	\|[nampdn-ai/tiny-orca-textbooks](https://huggingface.co/datasets/nampdn-ai/tiny-orca-textbooks) \|First 10,000\| 0.8544\|
	\|[SciPhi/textbooks-are-all-you-need-lite](https://huggingface.co/datasets/SciPhi/textbooks-are-all-you-need-lite) \|First 10,000\| 0.8109\|
	\|[pszemraj/simple_wikipedia_LM](https://huggingface.co/datasets/pszemraj/simple_wikipedia_LM) \| Full\| 0.5386\|
	\|[mattymchen/refinedweb-3m](https://huggingface.co/datasets/mattymchen/refinedweb-3m)\| Full\| 0.2951\|
	\|[JeanKaddour/minipile](https://huggingface.co/datasets/JeanKaddour/minipile)\| Full \| 0.2618\|

	The classifier aligns with the expectation. Textbook category scores the highest, reflecting the effectiveness of this model. Wikipedia scores lower because it is not textbook after all. Web scores the lowest.


	This model is a fine-tuned version of [FacebookAI/xlm-roberta-base](https://huggingface.co/FacebookAI/xlm-roberta-base) on an unknown dataset.
	It achieves the following results on the evaluation set:
	- Loss: 0.2689
	- Accuracy: 0.8833
	- Precision: 0.7551
	- Recall: 0.7598
	- F1: 0.7574

	## Model description

	More information needed

	## Intended uses & limitations

	More information needed

	## Training and evaluation data

	More information needed

	## Training procedure

	### Training hyperparameters

	The following hyperparameters were used during training:
	- learning_rate: 2e-05
	- train_batch_size: 16
	- eval_batch_size: 16
	- seed: 42
	- optimizer: Adam with betas=(0.9,0.999) and epsilon=1e-08
	- lr_scheduler_type: linear
	- num_epochs: 1

	### Training results

	\| Training Loss \| Epoch \| Step \| Accuracy \| F1 \| Validation Loss \| Precision \| Recall \|
	\|:-------------:\|:-----:\|:-----:\|:--------:\|:------:\|:---------------:\|:---------:\|:------:\|
	\| 0.4745 \| 0.01 \| 500 \| 0.8076 \| 0.6181 \| 0.4327 \| 0.5898 \| 0.6493 \|
	\| 0.4088 \| 0.02 \| 1000 \| 0.8346 \| 0.5522 \| 0.4287 \| 0.7870 \| 0.4254 \|
	\| 0.3811 \| 0.02 \| 1500 \| 0.8286 \| 0.6651 \| 0.3741 \| 0.6257 \| 0.7098 \|
	\| 0.3762 \| 0.03 \| 2000 \| 0.85 \| 0.6529 \| 0.3413 \| 0.7334 \| 0.5884 \|
	\| 0.3647 \| 0.04 \| 2500 \| 0.8427 \| 0.6632 \| 0.3852 \| 0.6815 \| 0.6460 \|
	\| 0.3495 \| 0.05 \| 3000 \| 0.8629 \| 0.6987 \| 0.3253 \| 0.7385 \| 0.6631 \|
	\| 0.3508 \| 0.06 \| 3500 \| 0.8335 \| 0.6967 \| 0.3605 \| 0.6186 \| 0.7973 \|
	\| 0.3342 \| 0.06 \| 4000 \| 0.8553 \| 0.7075 \| 0.3273 \| 0.6865 \| 0.7298 \|
	\| 0.341 \| 0.07 \| 4500 \| 0.8602 \| 0.6679 \| 0.3320 \| 0.7759 \| 0.5863 \|
	\| 0.3344 \| 0.08 \| 5000 \| 0.8531 \| 0.6916 \| 0.3441 \| 0.6964 \| 0.6868 \|
	\| 0.3341 \| 0.09 \| 5500 \| 0.8536 \| 0.7027 \| 0.3265 \| 0.6849 \| 0.7214 \|
	\| 0.3319 \| 0.1 \| 6000 \| 0.8599 \| 0.7081 \| 0.3266 \| 0.7076 \| 0.7085 \|
	\| 0.3259 \| 0.1 \| 6500 \| 0.8136 \| 0.6907 \| 0.3908 \| 0.5736 \| 0.8678 \|
	\| 0.3391 \| 0.11 \| 7000 \| 0.8642 \| 0.6770 \| 0.3338 \| 0.7879 \| 0.5934 \|
	\| 0.3207 \| 0.12 \| 7500 \| 0.8668 \| 0.7224 \| 0.3035 \| 0.7221 \| 0.7227 \|
	\| 0.3191 \| 0.13 \| 8000 \| 0.8543 \| 0.7153 \| 0.3179 \| 0.6730 \| 0.7631 \|
	\| 0.3142 \| 0.14 \| 8500 \| 0.8679 \| 0.7052 \| 0.3101 \| 0.7585 \| 0.6589 \|
	\| 0.3195 \| 0.14 \| 9000 \| 0.8636 \| 0.7254 \| 0.3433 \| 0.7012 \| 0.7515 \|
	\| 0.3196 \| 0.15 \| 9500 \| 0.8707 \| 0.7191 \| 0.3048 \| 0.7506 \| 0.6902 \|
	\| 0.3176 \| 0.16 \| 10000 \| 0.8597 \| 0.7271 \| 0.3177 \| 0.6814 \| 0.7794 \|
	\| 0.3218 \| 0.17 \| 10500 \| 0.8723 \| 0.6993 \| 0.3212 \| 0.8031 \| 0.6193 \|
	\| 0.3175 \| 0.18 \| 11000 \| 0.8601 \| 0.7239 \| 0.3366 \| 0.6871 \| 0.7648 \|
	\| 0.3296 \| 0.18 \| 11500 \| 0.8526 \| 0.7190 \| 0.3218 \| 0.6622 \| 0.7865 \|
	\| 0.3249 \| 0.19 \| 12000 \| 0.8731 \| 0.7081 \| 0.2926 \| 0.7896 \| 0.6418 \|
	\| 0.3141 \| 0.2 \| 12500 \| 0.8741 \| 0.7215 \| 0.3035 \| 0.7683 \| 0.6802 \|
	\| 0.3126 \| 0.21 \| 13000 \| 0.8659 \| 0.7231 \| 0.3127 \| 0.7162 \| 0.7302 \|
	\| 0.3204 \| 0.22 \| 13500 \| 0.8665 \| 0.7233 \| 0.3456 \| 0.7190 \| 0.7277 \|
	\| 0.3108 \| 0.22 \| 14000 \| 0.8674 \| 0.7214 \| 0.3018 \| 0.7269 \| 0.7160 \|
	\| 0.3114 \| 0.23 \| 14500 \| 0.8726 \| 0.7016 \| 0.2967 \| 0.8002 \| 0.6247 \|
	\| 0.3071 \| 0.24 \| 15000 \| 0.8768 \| 0.7211 \| 0.2904 \| 0.7886 \| 0.6643 \|
	\| 0.2965 \| 0.25 \| 15500 \| 0.8674 \| 0.7310 \| 0.3126 \| 0.7117 \| 0.7515 \|
	\| 0.3022 \| 0.26 \| 16000 \| 0.8738 \| 0.7077 \| 0.2887 \| 0.7958 \| 0.6372 \|
	\| 0.3101 \| 0.26 \| 16500 \| 0.8559 \| 0.7251 \| 0.3312 \| 0.6683 \| 0.7923 \|
	\| 0.3154 \| 0.27 \| 17000 \| 0.8575 \| 0.7304 \| 0.3221 \| 0.6685 \| 0.8048 \|
	\| 0.3041 \| 0.28 \| 17500 \| 0.8754 \| 0.7248 \| 0.2864 \| 0.7704 \| 0.6843 \|
	\| 0.3093 \| 0.29 \| 18000 \| 0.8603 \| 0.7292 \| 0.3101 \| 0.6813 \| 0.7844 \|
	\| 0.3006 \| 0.3 \| 18500 \| 0.8753 \| 0.7111 \| 0.3008 \| 0.7999 \| 0.6401 \|
	\| 0.3108 \| 0.3 \| 19000 \| 0.8689 \| 0.7316 \| 0.2911 \| 0.7185 \| 0.7452 \|
	\| 0.3071 \| 0.31 \| 19500 \| 0.8793 \| 0.7366 \| 0.2839 \| 0.7725 \| 0.7039 \|
	\| 0.3002 \| 0.32 \| 20000 \| 0.852 \| 0.7239 \| 0.3391 \| 0.6550 \| 0.8090 \|
	\| 0.301 \| 0.33 \| 20500 \| 0.8769 \| 0.7396 \| 0.2896 \| 0.7505 \| 0.7289 \|
	\| 0.3075 \| 0.34 \| 21000 \| 0.8785 \| 0.7402 \| 0.2891 \| 0.7595 \| 0.7219 \|
	\| 0.2922 \| 0.34 \| 21500 \| 0.8393 \| 0.7164 \| 0.4094 \| 0.6210 \| 0.8465 \|
	\| 0.2973 \| 0.35 \| 22000 \| 0.8787 \| 0.7416 \| 0.2962 \| 0.7579 \| 0.7260 \|
	\| 0.2987 \| 0.36 \| 22500 \| 0.8711 \| 0.7430 \| 0.2983 \| 0.7119 \| 0.7769 \|
	\| 0.3071 \| 0.37 \| 23000 \| 0.8739 \| 0.7407 \| 0.3167 \| 0.7306 \| 0.7510 \|
	\| 0.2846 \| 0.38 \| 23500 \| 0.8801 \| 0.7401 \| 0.2901 \| 0.7707 \| 0.7118 \|
	\| 0.2924 \| 0.38 \| 24000 \| 0.863 \| 0.7299 \| 0.3155 \| 0.6922 \| 0.7719 \|
	\| 0.2938 \| 0.39 \| 24500 \| 0.8724 \| 0.7368 \| 0.2973 \| 0.7290 \| 0.7448 \|
	\| 0.2917 \| 0.4 \| 25000 \| 0.8772 \| 0.7436 \| 0.2939 \| 0.7446 \| 0.7427 \|
	\| 0.294 \| 0.41 \| 25500 \| 0.8772 \| 0.7394 \| 0.2944 \| 0.7528 \| 0.7264 \|
	\| 0.2979 \| 0.42 \| 26000 \| 0.8774 \| 0.7421 \| 0.2819 \| 0.7487 \| 0.7356 \|
	\| 0.2884 \| 0.42 \| 26500 \| 0.873 \| 0.7394 \| 0.2932 \| 0.7278 \| 0.7515 \|
	\| 0.2992 \| 0.43 \| 27000 \| 0.8655 \| 0.7419 \| 0.3053 \| 0.6872 \| 0.8061 \|
	\| 0.3018 \| 0.44 \| 27500 \| 0.8788 \| 0.7296 \| 0.2781 \| 0.7845 \| 0.6818 \|
	\| 0.305 \| 0.45 \| 28000 \| 0.8785 \| 0.7408 \| 0.2760 \| 0.7584 \| 0.7239 \|
	\| 0.2918 \| 0.46 \| 28500 \| 0.8788 \| 0.7381 \| 0.2826 \| 0.7659 \| 0.7123 \|
	\| 0.2998 \| 0.46 \| 29000 \| 0.874 \| 0.7403 \| 0.2893 \| 0.7319 \| 0.7490 \|
	\| 0.2875 \| 0.47 \| 29500 \| 0.8803 \| 0.7422 \| 0.2891 \| 0.7675 \| 0.7185 \|
	\| 0.2946 \| 0.48 \| 30000 \| 0.2781 \| 0.8798 \| 0.7415 \| 0.7656 \| 0.7534 \|
	\| 0.2907 \| 0.49 \| 30500 \| 0.2860 \| 0.8752 \| 0.7280 \| 0.7656 \| 0.7463 \|
	\| 0.2981 \| 0.5 \| 31000 \| 0.3012 \| 0.8732 \| 0.7276 \| 0.7531 \| 0.7402 \|
	\| 0.2948 \| 0.5 \| 31500 \| 0.2777 \| 0.8792 \| 0.7894 \| 0.6768 \| 0.7288 \|
	\| 0.2933 \| 0.51 \| 32000 \| 0.2839 \| 0.8773 \| 0.7428 \| 0.7469 \| 0.7449 \|
	\| 0.2891 \| 0.52 \| 32500 \| 0.2774 \| 0.8795 \| 0.7678 \| 0.7131 \| 0.7395 \|
	\| 0.2869 \| 0.53 \| 33000 \| 0.2790 \| 0.8764 \| 0.7405 \| 0.7460 \| 0.7432 \|
	\| 0.2907 \| 0.54 \| 33500 \| 0.2889 \| 0.8764 \| 0.7580 \| 0.7118 \| 0.7342 \|
	\| 0.2912 \| 0.54 \| 34000 \| 0.2887 \| 0.8807 \| 0.7464 \| 0.7611 \| 0.7537 \|
	\| 0.283 \| 0.55 \| 34500 \| 0.2754 \| 0.8816 \| 0.7847 \| 0.6977 \| 0.7386 \|
	\| 0.2877 \| 0.56 \| 35000 \| 0.3036 \| 0.8727 \| 0.7221 \| 0.7627 \| 0.7418 \|
	\| 0.2923 \| 0.57 \| 35500 \| 0.2853 \| 0.8783 \| 0.7693 \| 0.7035 \| 0.7349 \|
	\| 0.2902 \| 0.58 \| 36000 \| 0.2881 \| 0.8772 \| 0.7462 \| 0.7394 \| 0.7428 \|
	\| 0.2863 \| 0.58 \| 36500 \| 0.2886 \| 0.8768 \| 0.7303 \| 0.7711 \| 0.7501 \|
	\| 0.2837 \| 0.59 \| 37000 \| 0.2753 \| 0.8801 \| 0.7503 \| 0.7494 \| 0.7498 \|
	\| 0.3021 \| 0.6 \| 37500 \| 0.2848 \| 0.8775 \| 0.7330 \| 0.7694 \| 0.7508 \|
	\| 0.291 \| 0.61 \| 38000 \| 0.2793 \| 0.88 \| 0.7423 \| 0.7652 \| 0.7536 \|
	\| 0.2821 \| 0.62 \| 38500 \| 0.2867 \| 0.88 \| 0.7429 \| 0.7640 \| 0.7533 \|
	\| 0.2867 \| 0.62 \| 39000 \| 0.2851 \| 0.8796 \| 0.7367 \| 0.7748 \| 0.7553 \|
	\| 0.2846 \| 0.63 \| 39500 \| 0.2813 \| 0.8828 \| 0.7661 \| 0.7360 \| 0.7507 \|
	\| 0.2836 \| 0.64 \| 40000 \| 0.2842 \| 0.8793 \| 0.7406 \| 0.7644 \| 0.7523 \|
	\| 0.2835 \| 0.65 \| 40500 \| 0.2797 \| 0.8792 \| 0.7382 \| 0.7690 \| 0.7533 \|
	\| 0.2833 \| 0.66 \| 41000 \| 0.2763 \| 0.8821 \| 0.7895 \| 0.6931 \| 0.7382 \|
	\| 0.2743 \| 0.66 \| 41500 \| 0.2852 \| 0.8833 \| 0.7717 \| 0.7289 \| 0.7497 \|
	\| 0.2921 \| 0.67 \| 42000 \| 0.2780 \| 0.8791 \| 0.7561 \| 0.7319 \| 0.7438 \|
	\| 0.279 \| 0.68 \| 42500 \| 0.2759 \| 0.8827 \| 0.7882 \| 0.6985 \| 0.7407 \|
	\| 0.2752 \| 0.69 \| 43000 \| 0.2795 \| 0.8796 \| 0.7642 \| 0.7202 \| 0.7415 \|
	\| 0.2902 \| 0.7 \| 43500 \| 0.2735 \| 0.8809 \| 0.7824 \| 0.6972 \| 0.7374 \|
	\| 0.2832 \| 0.7 \| 44000 \| 0.2742 \| 0.8815 \| 0.7690 \| 0.7231 \| 0.7453 \|
	\| 0.2783 \| 0.71 \| 44500 \| 0.2773 \| 0.8815 \| 0.7692 \| 0.7227 \| 0.7452 \|
	\| 0.2879 \| 0.72 \| 45000 \| 0.2716 \| 0.8838 \| 0.7766 \| 0.7235 \| 0.7491 \|
	\| 0.2898 \| 0.73 \| 45500 \| 0.2728 \| 0.8804 \| 0.7513 \| 0.7494 \| 0.7503 \|
	\| 0.2771 \| 0.74 \| 46000 \| 0.2795 \| 0.877 \| 0.7370 \| 0.7573 \| 0.7470 \|
	\| 0.2743 \| 0.74 \| 46500 \| 0.2833 \| 0.8707 \| 0.7013 \| 0.8028 \| 0.7486 \|
	\| 0.2868 \| 0.75 \| 47000 \| 0.2719 \| 0.8821 \| 0.7575 \| 0.7477 \| 0.7526 \|
	\| 0.2771 \| 0.76 \| 47500 \| 0.2784 \| 0.8833 \| 0.7636 \| 0.7435 \| 0.7534 \|
	\| 0.2824 \| 0.77 \| 48000 \| 0.2778 \| 0.8772 \| 0.7291 \| 0.7765 \| 0.7520 \|
	\| 0.2819 \| 0.78 \| 48500 \| 0.2772 \| 0.8825 \| 0.7532 \| 0.7585 \| 0.7559 \|
	\| 0.2781 \| 0.78 \| 49000 \| 0.2747 \| 0.881 \| 0.7502 \| 0.7552 \| 0.7527 \|
	\| 0.2844 \| 0.79 \| 49500 \| 0.2877 \| 0.8762 \| 0.7215 \| 0.7877 \| 0.7532 \|
	\| 0.2732 \| 0.8 \| 50000 \| 0.2738 \| 0.8809 \| 0.7511 \| 0.7527 \| 0.7519 \|
	\| 0.2681 \| 0.81 \| 50500 \| 0.2832 \| 0.8761 \| 0.7191 \| 0.7932 \| 0.7543 \|
	\| 0.2795 \| 0.82 \| 51000 \| 0.2755 \| 0.8856 \| 0.7876 \| 0.7160 \| 0.7501 \|
	\| 0.2649 \| 0.82 \| 51500 \| 0.2797 \| 0.8805 \| 0.7360 \| 0.7823 \| 0.7584 \|
	\| 0.2776 \| 0.83 \| 52000 \| 0.2671 \| 0.8833 \| 0.7627 \| 0.7452 \| 0.7538 \|
	\| 0.2762 \| 0.84 \| 52500 \| 0.2745 \| 0.8812 \| 0.7416 \| 0.7744 \| 0.7576 \|
	\| 0.2803 \| 0.85 \| 53000 \| 0.2766 \| 0.8847 \| 0.7694 \| 0.7415 \| 0.7551 \|
	\| 0.2675 \| 0.86 \| 53500 \| 0.2742 \| 0.8785 \| 0.7392 \| 0.7623 \| 0.7506 \|
	\| 0.2725 \| 0.86 \| 54000 \| 0.2720 \| 0.8826 \| 0.7576 \| 0.7506 \| 0.7541 \|
	\| 0.2693 \| 0.87 \| 54500 \| 0.2739 \| 0.8836 \| 0.7650 \| 0.7427 \| 0.7537 \|
	\| 0.2745 \| 0.88 \| 55000 \| 0.2751 \| 0.8792 \| 0.7348 \| 0.7765 \| 0.7551 \|
	\| 0.273 \| 0.89 \| 55500 \| 0.2762 \| 0.8812 \| 0.7388 \| 0.7807 \| 0.7591 \|
	\| 0.2645 \| 0.9 \| 56000 \| 0.2664 \| 0.8828 \| 0.7647 \| 0.7385 \| 0.7514 \|
	\| 0.2698 \| 0.9 \| 56500 \| 0.2728 \| 0.8814 \| 0.7467 \| 0.7648 \| 0.7557 \|
	\| 0.2771 \| 0.91 \| 57000 \| 0.2681 \| 0.8839 \| 0.7635 \| 0.7473 \| 0.7553 \|
	\| 0.2663 \| 0.92 \| 57500 \| 0.2715 \| 0.885 \| 0.7617 \| 0.7573 \| 0.7595 \|
	\| 0.2546 \| 0.93 \| 58000 \| 0.2836 \| 0.8796 \| 0.7323 \| 0.7848 \| 0.7576 \|
	\| 0.2752 \| 0.94 \| 58500 \| 0.2747 \| 0.8801 \| 0.7363 \| 0.7790 \| 0.7570 \|
	\| 0.2645 \| 0.94 \| 59000 \| 0.2733 \| 0.8834 \| 0.7484 \| 0.7740 \| 0.7610 \|
	\| 0.2561 \| 0.95 \| 59500 \| 0.2765 \| 0.8828 \| 0.7508 \| 0.7652 \| 0.7580 \|
	\| 0.2753 \| 0.96 \| 60000 \| 0.2721 \| 0.8815 \| 0.7483 \| 0.7623 \| 0.7552 \|
	\| 0.251 \| 0.97 \| 60500 \| 0.2735 \| 0.8822 \| 0.7546 \| 0.7540 \| 0.7543 \|
	\| 0.2742 \| 0.98 \| 61000 \| 0.2721 \| 0.8831 \| 0.7497 \| 0.7694 \| 0.7594 \|
	\| 0.2734 \| 0.98 \| 61500 \| 0.2712 \| 0.8836 \| 0.7512 \| 0.7694 \| 0.7602 \|
	\| 0.2713 \| 0.99 \| 62000 \| 0.2690 \| 0.8836 \| 0.7556 \| 0.7606 \| 0.7581 \|
	\| 0.2764 \| 1.0 \| 62500 \| 0.2689 \| 0.8833 \| 0.7551 \| 0.7598 \| 0.7574 \|


	### Framework versions

	- Transformers 4.35.2
	- Pytorch 2.1.0+cu121
	- Datasets 2.16.1
	- Tokenizers 0.15.0